대구외고 2학년 기말고사 대비(The Rush for White Gold-3)
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[1~11] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
[A] One early Saturday morning in La Paz, Álvaro García Linera—the silver-haired vice president of Bolivia—greets me in spacious salon outside his office overlooking Plaza Murillo. The politician is known in his country as a Marxist ideologue, but today he presents himself as capitalist pitchman.
[B] The pitch in question involves lithium. García Linera speaks of his country’s natural resource in a simultaneously factual and awestruck way. Lithium, essential to our battery-fueled world, is also the key to Bolivia’s future, the vice president assures me. A mere four years from now, he predicts, it will be “the engine of our economy.” All Bolivians will benefit, he continues, “taking them out of poverty, guaranteeing their stability in the middle class, and training them in scientific and technological fields so that they become part of the intelligentsia in the global economy.”
[C] But as the vice president knows, no pitch about lithium as Bolivia’s economic (A) is complete without addressing the source of that lithium: the Salar de Uyuni. The 10,000-square-kilometer salt flat, one of the country’s most magnificent landscapes, will almost certainly be altered—if not forever damaged—by mining the resource underneath it.
[D] “Have you been to the Salar de Uyuni?” García Linera asks. When I reply that I’ll be heading there soon, the vice president loses his air of (B) and seems full of nostalgia. “When you go to the Salar,” he instructs me, “go there one night. Spread a blanket in the center of the Salar, and turn on some music.”
1. 윗글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
① Bolivia’s Lithium Dreams: Promise and Peril in Uyuni
② The Vice President Talks About Lithium and Blankets
③ Mining Salt Flats: A Conversation with García Linera
2. Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the word “pitchman” in the text?
① critic ② promoter ③ scientist ④ opponent
3. Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the word “intelligentsia” in the text?
① laborers ② politicians ③ entrepreneurs ④ elite thinkers
4. What is the purpose of paragraph B?
a. To describe the physical beauty of the Salar de Uyuni
b. To explain Bolivia’s historical relationship with natural resources
c. To criticize the environmental impact of lithium mining
d. To present the vice president’s optimistic vision for Bolivia’s future through lithium development
5. What is the purpose of paragraph C?
a. To describe the beauty of the Salar de Uyuni for tourism promotion
b. To introduce a challenge or complication to Bolivia’s lithium ambitions
c. To provide technical details about lithium mining processes
d. To summarize the vice president’s economic vision for Bolivia
6. 윗글의 빈칸 (A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
(A) (B)
① burden …… confidence
② salvation …… detachment
③ hope …… excitement
④ engine …… skepticism
⑤ dilemma …… indifference
7. What is the core idea behind the passage?
a. The Bolivian government is uninterested in developing its natural resources.
b. The Salar de Uyuni is only valuable for its scenic beauty and tourism potential.
c. Álvaro García Linera is opposed to all forms of economic development in Bolivia.
d. Bolivia’s lithium reserves are seen as a path to national prosperity, but exploiting them poses environmental and cultural challenges.
8. 윗글의 밑줄 친 “go there one night. Spread a blanket in the center of the Salar, and turn on some music” 이 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?
① The vice president is recommending a scientific study of the Salar de Uyuni at night.
② The vice president is inviting the author to hold a political rally in the Salar de Uyuni.
③ The vice president is suggesting that the Salar de Uyuni should be enjoyed as a place of beauty and personal experience.
9. 맥락상 빈칸에 들어갈 단어를 적으시오.
According to the passage, García Linera’s dual role as both a pragmatic politician and a s Bolivian is effectively portrayed.
10. Where should this paragraph be added to the article?
He is smiling now but emphatic: “Pink Floyd. Turn on Pink Floyd. And stare up at the sky.” The vice president ten waves his hand to indicate that the rest would become evident.
a. after paragraph A
b. after paragraph B
c. after paragraph C
d. after paragraph D
11. 윗글에 대한 설명이나 추론으로 가장 적절하지 않은 것은?
① The vice president’s capitalist pitch masks his Marxist roots, yet he champions lithium’s economic potential for all Bolivians.
② García Linera sees lithium as vital for Bolivia’s future, aiming to boost the economy and uplift citizens’ lives.
③ García Linera’s vision links lithium extraction to national progress, but worries about environmental damage remain unaddressed.
④ The vice president offers a comprehensive and balanced plan that thoroughly addresses all potential environmental issues.
⑤ The vice president reveals a deep personal and nostalgic affection for the Salar de Uyuni’s natural beauty.
[서술형]
Why does García Linera emphasize scientific training for Bolivians in the context of lithium?
(가르시아 리네라가 리튬과 관련된 볼리비아인들에게 과학 교육을 강조하는 이유는 무엇일까요?)
García Linera emphasizes scientific training for Bolivians in the context of lithium because he envisions lithium industrialization as a transformative opportunity for the nation—not just economically, but socially and politically.
(가르시아 리네라가 리튬과 관련된 볼리비아인들에게 과학 교육을 강조하는 이유는 리튬 산업화가 경제적 측면뿐 아니라 사회적, 정치적 측면에서도 국가에 변혁을 가져올 기회라고 보기 때문입니다.)
What are the environmental risks Bolivia faces from lithium extraction at Salar de Uyuni?
(볼리비아가 우유니 소금사막에서의 리튬 채굴로 인해 직면한 환경적 위험은 무엇입니까?)
Lithium extraction at Bolivia’s Salar de Uyuni poses significant environmental risks, primarily related to water depletion and ecosystem disruption.
(볼리비아 우유니 소금사막에서의 리튬 채굴은 심각한 환경적 위험을 초래하며, 이는 주로 물 고갈 및 생태계 교란과 관련이 있습니다.)
REVIEW TEST
TRUE / FALSE: Guess if 1~7 blow are true (T) or false (F).
1. Álvaro García Linera is described as a Marxist ideologue who, during the interview, presents himself as an advocate for capitalism. ( )
2. The vice president believes that lithium will have little impact on Bolivia’s economy in the coming years. ( )
3. García Linera claims that lithium will help lift Bolivians out of poverty and help them join the global intelligentsia. ( )
4. The Salar de Uyuni is a small, insignificant area with little connection to Bolivia’s lithium reserves. ( )
5. Mining lithium from the Salar de Uyuni is expected to leave the landscape completely unchanged. ( )
6. When the interviewer says they will visit the Salar de Uyuni, García Linera shares a nostalgic suggestion for experiencing the place at night. ( )
7. García Linera recommends visiting the Salar de Uyuni during the day to fully appreciate its beauty. ( )
Multiple Choice Quiz
1. García Linera is described as a Marxist ideologue, but during the interview, he presents himself as a ( ).
(a) historian
(b) environmental activist
(c) scientist
(d) capitalist pitchman
2. According to García Linera, lithium will be the “engine of our economy” within ( ) years.
(a) two
(b) four
(c) six
(d) ten
3. The source of Bolivia’s lithium, which is central to the country’s economic hopes, is the ( ).
(a) Andes Mountains
(b) Amazon Rainforest
(c) Salar de Uyuni
(d) Lake Titicaca
4. Mining lithium in the Salar de Uyuni will likely result in the landscape being ( ).
(a) untouched
(b) improved
(c) altered or damaged
(d) made into a national park
5. García Linera encourages the interviewer to visit the Salar de Uyuni at ( ).
(a) sunrise
(b) midday
(c) sunset
(d) night
6. García Linera hopes that lithium development will help Bolivians by ( ).
(a) increasing tourism
(b) taking them out of poverty and training them in scientific fields
(c) expanding agriculture
(d) building new cities
